The ASV Project provides foundational evidence-based research to support efforts to stop targeted school attacks by building sustainable, community-based prevention and intervention services, education, and consultation services. EXPLORE THE DATABASE Welcome to The Averted School Violence (ASV) Project. Following the Sandy Hook Elementary School tragedy, the Department of Justice (DOJ) Office of Community Oriented Policing (COPS) convened a national school safety advisory group to provide recommendations on how to prevent future school shootings and other acts of violence on school campuses. One key recommendation stood out among the others: Build a national repository of cases where school violence was stopped before it occurred. Based on these recommendations, the DOJ’s COPS Office allocated funding for the National Policing Institute (formerly the Police Foundation) to establish and maintain the Averted School Violence (ASV) database. From 2015 to 2023, the National Policing Institute built a strong foundation of research and reports that shaped school safety practices nationwide. In 2023, Dr. Frank Straub, who previously served as the founder and director of the National Policing Institute’s Center for Targeted Violence Prevention, as well as ASV’s project lead, secured a new home for the database with Safe and Sound Schools — an organization founded from the same tragedy and on the same mission to protect every school, every student, every day. The transfer, improvement in functionality, and expansion of the Averted School Violence Database was made possible through Prevent 2 Protect, a Michigan Department of Education Pilot Project. The ASV Project is also grateful for the financial support provided by the Motorola Solutions Foundation. EXPLORE THE DATABASE Frank Straub, PhD Senior Director of Violence Prevention Research and Programs “By studying averted school attacks, we can better identify failure points in safety systems, recognize promising policies and practices, invest wisely, and prevent future attacks.” – Dr. Frank Straub, PhD History of the Averted School Violence Database 2014 Following the Sandy Hook Shooting, the Department of Justice (DOJ) Office of Community Oriented Policing (COPS) convened a school safety advisory group to provide recommendations on how to prevent future school shootings and other acts of violence on school campuses. 2015 Following recommendations from the advisory group – which included studying averted attacks – the DOJ’s COPS Office allocated funding for the National Policing Institute (formerly the Police Foundation) to establish and maintain the Averted School Violence (ASV) database. 2019 The National Policing Institute released two reports based on averted incidents. The first included a preliminary analysis of 51 averted school attacks and the second was a comparison of 51 averted attacks to 51 completed attacks. 2021 The National Policing Institute released an analysis of 170 averted cases that had been submitted, reviewed and added to the database. 2023 Dr. Frank Straub, who previously served as the the founder and director of the National Policing Institute’s Center for Targeted Violence Prevention, as well as ASV’s project lead, secured a new home for the database with Safe and Sound Schools. The transfer, improvement in functionality, and expansion of the Averted School Violence Database was made possible through Prevent 2 Protect, a Michigan Department of Education Pilot Project, and the Motorola Solutions Foundation. 2024 The Safe and Sound Schools’ ASV team is committed and ready to maximize the impact of this database on future school violence prevention efforts. Join our mission by anonymously and securely submitting an averted incident for review.

FREQUENTLY ASKED Questions A list of commonly asked questions about Averted School Violence Database regarding anonymity, information, posting and more. PROCEDURES PRIVACY ALL FAQ HOW IS THE REPORTING SYSTEM ANONYMOUS? The Averted School Violence platform ensures reports cannot be traced back to the report submitter through his or her computer’s IP Address. Furthermore, a panel of school violence and law enforcement subject matter experts reviews each submitted report and permanently deletes identifying information of any involved person in the incident. For those incident reports that were created by Safe and Sound Schools staff using open source information, we do list the open source documents or links from which we obtained the information. While we still refrain from using identifying information of involved persons, some of those open source documents or links contain identifying information that has since been released after the averted attack and /or court proceedings. If there is a concern that an agency is tracking this information, we recommend that incidents be reported from a personal laptop/personal desktop system. HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO SUBMIT A REPORT? On average, it takes 30 minutes to complete a report. This estimate can increase depending on the complexity of the case, availability of relevant information, and the level of detail the submitter is willing to provide. If there is a concern that an agency is tracking this information, we recommend that incidents be reported from a personal laptop/personal desktop system. WHAT IF AN INDIVIDUAL FROM THE SAME ORGANIZATION HAS ALREADY SUBMITTED A REPORT? Through our reporting system, we are looking for individual and agency level interpretations of averted school violence incidents as well as the lessons that each submitter may have learned in the situation. We recommend that submitters submit any incident in which there has been a lesson learned and school personnel, law enforcement officers, and mental health professionals can learn from it, even if it is possible someone else may have already submitted it. Our data collection system will flag incidents that occurred on the same date, and a reviewer will determine if the two incidents are the same. If they are the same, we will either merge the case details and lessons learned to create one document, or publish each report on the site under a single incident name. WHAT IF AN ORGANIZATION HAS A POLICY THAT PROHIBITS PERSONNEL THE SHARING OF INFORMATION? Averted School Violence is strictly a voluntary program. We rely on individuals who want to share their experiences to help other school personnel, law enforcement officers, and mental health professionals learn. If the incident has been highly publicized such that it is likely the submitter could be identified, we will either remove any details that could help individuals identify the submitter and or organization, or we will not post the details, and instead combine them with the collection of reports on the types of incidents and lessons learned. In fact, the submitter can provide only the lessons learned and or recommendations if they feel more comfortable omitting all case details. HOW QUICKLY WILL THE REPORTS BE POSTED? Reports will usually be posted within two weeks, unless they require more extensive review. ARE ALL INCIDENTS THAT ARE REPORTED POSTED TO THE SITE? Each report goes through a thorough vetting and de-identification process. This process usually takes about two weeks. If there is any risk that an incident could be linked to a specific individual, organization, or that the case must remain anonymous, it will not be posted or made publicly available. To the extent that we can share the lesson(s) learned without providing detail that would compromise (anonymity), we will include the information. In some instances, one of the experts from our review panel may have tried to contact the submitter for clarification or additional information, and the submitter has not responded. In such cases, we will not be able to post the report until the submitter can clarify the information needed to post the report. DO INCIDENTS NEED TO BE POSTED IN ONE SITTING? Submitters have a two-hour window to complete a report once initiated before the system will time out. If at all possible, submitters should try to ensure a window of 30 minutes is available before beginning a report so that it can be completed in one sitting. DO INDIVIDUALS NEED TO INCLUDE ALL DATA REGARDING THE INCIDENT? Any information submitters can provide will be helpful to the extent that this helps to illustrate a “lesson learned” or offer a “tip” for others. The system allows submitters to skip any questions by jumping ahead to those questions that are most appropriate and/or the submitter is willing or able to answer. WHAT HAPPENS TO REPORTS THAT ARE SUBMITTED? After being vetted and de-identified by a panel of school violence subject matter experts, the incident reports are published and posted to the online database. This usually occurs in about five days, but could take as long as two weeks, depending on whether additional information is needed to complete the incident report. The library of shared reports can be an invaluable training and informational resource. Reports will be analyzed to identify trends, emerging threats, lessons learned, and to inform prevention, intervention and response policies and practices. WHO HAS ACCESS TO THE SUBMITTED REPORTS? The Averted School Violence database is public. We encourage school personnel, mental health professionals, and law enforcement officers to submit incidents of averted school violence to the system. WHO CAN ACCESS THE LIBRARY OF REPORTS? The library of published reports is publicly available. HOW IS THE REPORTING SYSTEM ANONYMOUS? The Averted School Violence platform ensures reports cannot be traced back to the report submitter through his or her computer’s IP Address. Furthermore, a panel of school violence and law enforcement subject matter experts reviews each submitted report and permanently deletes identifying information of any involved person in the incident. For those incident reports that were created by Safe and Sound Schools staff using open source information, we do list the open source documents or links from which we obtained the information. While we still refrain from using identifying information of involved persons, some of those open source documents or links contain identifying information that has since been released after the averted attack and /or court proceedings. If there is a concern that an agency is tracking this information, we recommend that incidents be reported from a personal laptop/personal desktop system. WHO CAN ACCESS THE LIBRARY OF REPORTS? The library of published reports is publicly available. WHAT IF AN ORGANIZATION HAS A POLICY THAT PROHIBITS PERSONNEL FROM SHARING INFORMATION? Averted School Violence is strictly a voluntary program. We rely on individuals who want to share their experiences to help other school personnel, law enforcement officers, and mental health professionals learn. If the incident has been highly publicized such that it is likely the submitter could be identified, we will either remove any details that could help individuals identify the submitter and or organization, or we will not post the details, and instead combine them with the collection of reports on the types of incidents and lessons learned. In fact, the submitter can provide only the lessons learned and or recommendations if they feel more comfortable omitting all case details. WHO HAS ACCESS TO THE SUBMITTED REPORTS? The Averted School Violence database is public. We encourage school personnel, mental health professionals, and law enforcement officers to submit incidents of averted school violence to the system. HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO SUBMIT A REPORT? On average, it takes 30 minutes to complete a report. This estimate can increase depending on the complexity of the case, availability of relevant information, and the level of detail the submitter is willing to provide. If there is a concern that an agency is tracking this information, we recommend that incidents be reported from a personal laptop/personal desktop system. WHAT IF AN INDIVIDUAL FROM THE SAME ORGANIZATION HAS ALREADY SUBMITTED A REPORT? Through our reporting system, we are looking for individual and agency level interpretations of averted school violence incidents as well as the lessons that each submitter may have learned in the situation. We recommend that submitters submit any incident in which there has been a lesson learned and school personnel, law enforcement officers, and mental health professionals can learn from it, even if it is possible someone else may have already submitted it. Our data collection system will flag incidents that occurred on the same date, and a reviewer will determine if the two incidents are the same. If they are the same, we will either merge the case details and lessons learned to create one document, or publish each report on the site under a single incident name. HOW QUICKLY WILL THE REPORTS BE POSTED? Reports will usually be posted within two weeks, unless they require more extensive review. ARE ALL INCIDENTS THAT ARE REPORTED POSTED TO THE SITE? Each report goes through a thorough vetting and de-identification process. This process usually takes about two weeks. If there is any risk that an incident could be linked to a specific individual, organization, or that the case must remain anonymous, it will not be posted or made publicly available. To the extent that we can share the lesson(s) learned without providing detail that would compromise (anonymity), we will include the information. In some instances, one of the experts from our review panel may have tried to contact the submitter for clarification or additional information, and the submitter has not responded. In such cases, we will not be able to post the report until the submitter can clarify the information needed to post the report. DO INCIDENTS NEED TO BE POSTED IN ONE SITTING? Submitters have a two-hour window to complete a report once initiated before the system will time out. If at all possible, submitters should try to ensure a window of 30 minutes is available before beginning a report so that it can be completed in one sitting. DO INDIVIDUALS NEED TO INCLUDE ALL DATA REGARDING THE INCIDENT? Any information submitters can provide will be helpful to the extent that this helps to illustrate a “lesson learned” or offer a “tip” for others. The system allows submitters to skip any questions by jumping ahead to those questions that are most appropriate and/or the submitter is willing or able to answer. WHAT HAPPENS TO REPORTS THAT ARE SUBMITTED? After being vetted and de-identified by a panel of school violence subject matter experts, the incident reports are published and posted to the online database. This usually occurs in about five days, but could take as long as two weeks, depending on whether additional information is needed to complete the incident report. The library of shared reports can be an invaluable training and informational resource. Reports will be analyzed to identify trends, emerging threats, lessons learned, and to inform prevention, intervention and response policies and practices. AVERTED SCHOOL VIOLENCE Established in 2015, the Averted School Violence database has been rebuilt to enhance reporting and maximize impact. Join our mission to improve school safety and prevent future violence by anonymously and securely submitting an averted incident for review. BROWSE INCIDENTS SUBMIT AN INCIDENT SAFE & SOUND IS Growing Learn more about our newest programs and additions LEARN MORE LEARN MORE An averted incident of school violence is a shooting or other planned violent attack that was prevented before any injury or loss of life occurred at the targeted educational institution. Since 2015, school personnel, law enforcement officers, mental health professionals, and others involved in school safety have had the opportunity to share their averted school violence stories and lessons learned, in order to improve school safety and help prevent future tragedies. Read more on the full ASV history here . In reviewing cases for inclusion in the database we look for: means, opportunity, motive and intent to carry out a targeted school attack. Incidents of violence on school grounds not related to the school (e.g., gang-related violence) and social media threats not deemed credible by law enforcement are excluded from the database. Sharing your story is an anonymous, secure, non-punitive, and confidential process. INCIDENT Data ASV provides visual analysis from the averted incident reports received. These charts and graphs help illustrate and provide unique insights into the data for more actionable safety strategies. VIEW INSIGHTS RECENT Events ATAP Winter Conference On February 6th, Dr. Alyse Folino Ley and Dr. Frank Straub presented at the 2024 Association of Threat Assessment Specialists (ATAP) Winter Conference in Orlando, FL. They discussed an incident of averted school violence in Paw Paw, MI, which turned tragic three years later. They also spoke about the Prevent 2 Protect Project, the Adolescent Targeted Violence Prevention Project with Michigan State University and Safe and Sound Schools. School Safety Academy in MI On April 9th, Michele Gay and Melissa A. Louvar Reeves participated in the School Safety Academy organized by the Michigan State Police’s Office of School Safety in Livonia, MI. FBI Warning Regarding Sextortion On January 22, 2024, the FBI’s Detroit Field Office issued a warning regarding Sextortion. FBI Detroit – Sextortion Press Release SAFE AND SOUND Resources Review a comprehensive list of resources made available by Safe and Sound Schools to help communities and school administrators create safe environments. SAFE AND SOUND SCHOOLS RESOURCES

Submit AN INCIDENT Thank you for taking the time to fill out this form! This form should take no longer than 15 minutes. This survey will focus on incidents of school violence, both averted and carried out. The survey is split up into four sections, which are as follows: School Information, Incident Information, Suspect Information, and Additional (optional) Information. The goal of this survey is to better understand incidents of school violence, specifically, what was done to avert an incident (if applicable), to improve school safety, and prevent further tragedies before they are carried out. These responses are anonymous, unless you wish to provide your contact information (which is maintained confidentially), so that we may follow up, if needed, on incident information or your submission. Fields with an * are required to ensure the integrity of the data. To ensure that accurate information is captured and used for resources and training to prevent acts of violence and keep our schools safe, we have a strict review and publication process that requires certain information. All other fields not marked are optional. Get Started School Information City of School where the incident occurred: * State of School where the incident occurred:* Type of School (select all that apply)* Public Private Faith-Based Charter Military Unknown Select all grade levels served by the school where the incident occurred* PK or earlier (e.g., daycare) K 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th Post-secondary Unknown Which of the following safety measures were in place at the school at the time of the incident (select all that apply)* Controlled access to the buildings during school hours (e.g., locked exterior doors) Controlled access to grounds during school hours (e.g., fencing and gates) Conducting emergency drills Law enforcement (SRO, school district department) Security officers (non-law enforcement) Other non-law enforcement/security staff monitoring hallways Security cameras Metal detectors Teachers and staff are required to wear badges/ID Students are required to wear ID badges Anonymous reporting system Other reporting system (not anonymous) Visitors must be escorted into the building Visitor screening and management Bleeding Control program (e.g., training and supplies) None of these Unknown Other Did the school or school system have a Behavioral Threat Assessment and Management Program (BTAM), at the time of the incident?* Next

CONTACT US Have questions? Contact us here! First name* Last name* Email* Phone* Company name In regards to:* Message* Submit

Safe & Sound NEWS RELEASE MEDIA INQUIRIES: We look forward to working with representatives from all types of media outlets. For media inquiries, multimedia content, or to be directed to a school safety expert, please contact Kim Vann at kim@safeandsoundschools.org . OUR MISSION: Founded by parents who lost children at Sandy Hook Elementary School, Safe and Sound is a national non-profit school safety advocacy and resource center that provides research based tools and support for crisis prevention, response, and recovery, helping to protect every school, every student, every day. LET'S COLLABORATE: We look forward to working with members of the media interested school safety. For media inquiries, to schedule and interview, or to be directed to a school safety expert, please contact Kim Vann at kim@safeandsoundschools.org . MEDIA ASSETS LATEST PRESS RELEASE MEDIA COVERAGE EVENT PHOTO LIBRARY

PUBLICATIONS A list of publications recommended for review An evaluation of completed and averted school shootings DOWNLOAD Learning Lessons from Averted Acts of Violence in Schools, NASRO Journal of School Safety, Winter 2017 DOWNLOAD Averted School Violence Project, Chief Dean Esserman (Ret.), 2018 DOWNLOAD How Schools Have Successfully Prevented Violence, Education Week, April 2018 DOWNLOAD How Students Can Help SROs and Others Avert School Violence, NASRO Journal of School Safety, Summer 2018 DOWNLOAD Lessons Learned from Averted Acts of School Violence, Campus Safety Magazine, Summer 2018 DOWNLOAD ASV Fact Sheet for Law Enforcement DOWNLOAD Preliminary Report on the Police Foundation’s Averted School Violence Database DOWNLOAD Comparison of Averted and Completed School Attacks from the Averted School Violence Database DOWNLOAD ASV Fact Sheet, Police Foundation, 2020 DOWNLOAD Averted School Violence (ASV) Database 2021 Analysis Update, National Police Foundation, 2021 DOWNLOAD Managing High-Risk Adolescents in Community Contexts DOWNLOAD School Resource Officers ASV Special Report DOWNLOAD

INCIDENT DATA Preliminary Information on Averted Reports Submitted to Date National Policing Institute staff, project subject matter experts, and a limited number of individuals directly involved in preventing attacks have developed incident reports shown in the Report Library. 51 incident reports have been developed to date, based largely on open source media reports and court documents on averted school attacks. Reports were developed from incidents selected at random that occurred across the United States between 1999 and 2017, in K-12 schools as well as in colleges and universities. The analysis is preliminary, and it is recognized that the total number of reports represents a small sample size. Question fields are not mutually exclusive, which is why some questions display a total number of answers that is greater than the total number of incidents. Additionally, certain fields were unknown or unable to be answered from open sources, resulting in missing answers for particular questions. Below are preliminary and descriptive findings on aggregate data of the averted incident reports in the system. This graph illustrates the total number of averted school violence incidents based on the education level. High School overwhelmingly reports higher at 69% while middle school and college come in at 16% and 12% respectively with elementary school reporting 4% of the total averted incidents. This chart focuses on the percentage of reported averted school violence incidents based on student body size, segmented by K-12 and college. K-12 represent 87% of the reported incidents while college logs 13%. 64% of the total number of reports are from K-12 schools between 500-2000 students. This graph breaks down the incident reports based on the total number of suspected assailants. 1 suspect is reported 59% of the time while 2 suspects represent 24% of the averted violence reports. This graph reflects the number of reports based on the school security measures provided. 30% of all averted school violence reporting schools have security officers at or in the school. 15% of ASV reports are from schools that utilize video cameras to monitor hallways. This chart illustrates the total number of averted school violence incidents based geographical area. Suburban areas report 69% of the averted violence incidents while rural and urban come in at 26% and 6% respectively.

Thank You FOR YOUR SUBMISSION Your reports help the community better understand and prepare to keep our children safe! Return Home

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You access the Safe and Sound Schools Website on your own volition and are responsible for compliance with all applicable local laws with respect to your access and use of the Safe and Sound Schools Website. A printed version of this Agreement and of any related notice given in electronic form shall be admissible in judicial or administrative proceedings based upon or relating to this Agreement to the same extent and subject to the same conditions as other business documents and records originally generated and maintained in printed form. Please contact Safe and Sound if you wish to receive a printed copy of this Agreement. ENFORCING SECURITY ON THE SITE. Safe and Sound Schools reserves the right, at any time and without notice, to modify, suspend, terminate, or interrupt operation of or access to the Safe and Sound Schools Website, or any portion of the Safe and Sound Schools Website, in order to protect the Safe and Sound Schools Website, Safe and Sound Schools, or Safe and Sound Schools’ business. TERM AND TERMINATION. This Agreement and your right to use the Safe and Sound Schools Website will take effect at the moment you click “I ACCEPT” or you install, access, or use the Safe and Sound Schools Website and is effective until terminated as set forth below. This Agreement will terminate automatically if you click “I REJECT”. In addition, Safe and Sound Schools reserves the right at any time and on reasonable grounds, which shall include, without limitation, any reasonable belief of fraudulent or unlawful activity or actions or omissions that violate any term or condition of this Agreement, to deny your access to the Safe and Sound Schools Website or to any portion thereof in order to protect its name and goodwill, its business, and/or other users, and this Agreement will also terminate automatically if you fail to comply with this Agreement, subject to the survival rights of certain provisions identified below. Termination will be effective without notice. You may also terminate this Agreement at any time by ceasing to use the Safe and Sound Schools Website, but all applicable provisions of this Agreement will survive termination, as identified below. Upon termination, you must destroy all copies of any aspect of the Safe and Sound Schools Website in your possession. In addition to the miscellaneous section below, the provisions concerning Safe and Sound Schools’ proprietary rights, feedback, indemnity, disclaimers of warranty, limitation of liability, and governing law will survive the termination of this Agreement for any reason. MISCELLANEOUS. You acknowledge that any breach, threatened or actual, of this Agreement will cause irreparable injury to Safe and Sound Schools, such injury would not be quantifiable in monetary damages, and Safe and Sound Schools would not have an adequate remedy at law. You therefore agree that Safe and Sound Schools shall be entitled, in addition to other available remedies, to seek and be awarded an injunction or other appropriate equitable relief from a court of competent jurisdiction restraining any breach, threatened or actual, of your obligations under any provision of this Agreement. Accordingly, you hereby waive any requirement that Safe and Sound Schools post any bond or other security in the event any injunctive or equitable relief is sought by or awarded to Safe and Sound Schools to enforce any provision of this Agreement. The parties agree that this Agreement is for the benefit of the parties hereto as well as Safe and Sound Schools’ licensors. Accordingly, this Agreement is personal to you, and you may not assign your rights or obligations to any other person or entity without Safe and Sound Schools’ prior written consent. Failure by Safe and Sound Schools to insist on strict performance of any of the terms and conditions of this Agreement will not operate as a waiver by Safe and Sound Schools of that or any subsequent default or failure of performance. If any provision (or part thereof) contained in this Agreement is determined to be void, invalid, or otherwise unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction or on account of a conflict with an applicable government regulation, such determination shall not affect the remaining provisions (or parts thereof) contained herein and the illegal, invalid, or unenforceable clause shall be modified in compliance with applicable law in a manner that most closely matches the intent of the original language. No joint venture, partnership, employment, or agency relationship exists between you and Safe and Sound Schools as result of this Agreement or your utilization of the Safe and Sound Schools Website. Headings herein are for convenience only. This Agreement represents the entire agreement between you and Safe and Sound Schools with respect to your access and use of the Safe and Sound Schools Website, and it supersedes all prior or contemporaneous communications and proposals, whether electronic, oral, or written between you and Safe and Sound Schools with respect to the Safe and Sound Schools Website.

OUR TEAM FRANK STRAUB, Ph.D. Senior Director, Violence Prevention Research and Programs MICHELE GAY Founder and Executive Director of Safe and Sound Schools KIM VANN Deputy Director

STEVE MCMAHON Violence Prevention Program Manager Previous Team Member Next Team Member About Steve Violence Prevention Program Manager Steve McMahon serves as the Violence Prevention Program Manager for Safe and Sound Schools, the Law Enforcement and Security Outreach Coordinator for the Prevent 2 Protect Project, and Manager of the national Averted School Violence (ASV) Project with responsibilities including technical assistance and education programs. Mr. McMahon retired from the U.S. Secret Service where he served for more than 22 years. During his career with the Secret Service, he served in multiple positions including managing the Protective Intelligence Division’s Operations Center, and as the Resident Agent-in-Charge of the Grand Rapids Office Previous Next

JEFF ALLISON Senior Advisor Law Enforcement Coordinator Previous Team Member Next Team Member About Jeff Senior Advisor Law Enforcement Coordinator Previous Next